Film et animation
Mozambique’s national flag features a kalashnikov rifle; a symbol of the country’s tragic history. After winning independence from Portugal, a disastrous civil war followed, which dragged on for seventeen years. More than a million people died before peace accords were agreed in 1992.
Mozambique has tried to move on from its violent past, but recently insurgents have caused tensions to flare in the north of the country, which is majority Muslim. Some jihadist groups have allied themselves with ISIS and several thousand fighters have spread terror through the region. As a result, more than 3000 people have died, and 800,000 have been displaced.
The Rwandan army, the most battle-seasoned troops on the African continent, were called in to help and in just a few weeks they succeeded in retaking Caliphate strongholds. But the peace is fragile, and poverty, injustice and corruption feed the conflict. Refugees have been stuck in camps for over a year, suffering from severe shortages of the most basic necessities.
Mozambique is one of the poorest countries in the world. Yet it has an extraordinarily rich heritage, including a World Heritage Site of colonial treasures from the era of Portuguese rule. And another treasure – gas reserves. Huge gas deposits were discovered in the north, but, due to the threat of jihadists, all plans are on hold for the moment, including the interest from French group Total Energy.
Mozambique is also rich in rubies. We gained exclusive access to the biggest ruby mine in the world. Every day hundreds of tons of earth are sifted in search of precious gems. Rubies, gas reserves, pristine beaches… and jihadists. Mozambique is a country torn between its rich natural resources, and the ever-present threat of armed conflict.
This documentary was produced by Yemaya and directed by Laurent Delhomme, Guillaume Lhotellier. It was first released in 2022.
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In 1992, one of Africa’s most brutal civil wars came to an end in Mozambique. This war was being waged against the ruling Frelimo party by a rebel group, called the Mozambican National Resistance, commonly know as Renamo. Renamo was created by then white-monority govenrment of Rhodesia and then nurtured by apartheid South Africa.. An RENAMO’s sole purpose was to cause instability for Samora Machel and his Frelimo party.
For 39 years, Renamo was led by the notorious rebel turned opposition leader, Afonso Dhlakama until his death in 2018. Dhlakama led Renamo as it successfully transformed itself into an efficient guerrilla army that fought in this 16-year-war.
During Afonso Dhlakama and Renamo’s bid to wreak havoc in Mozambique, they resorted to brutal tactics such as burning cooperative farms, destroying bridges, railway lines and recruiting child soldiers. Inevitably the war became one of the most brutal in Africa, leaving an estimated 1 million dead and displacing millions more.
By this stage, Mozambique, by almost any standards, was one of the poorest countries in Africa and the world at this.
In this episode of African Biographics, we cover the story of the notorious rebel Afonso Dhlakama and the rebel-group turned political party Renamo, and how they contributed to chaos in Mozambique, even after the devastating civil-war had come to an end.
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Sources:
RENAMO and the LRA: The History and Futures of African Child Soldiers
https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/....05/03/mozambiques-ve
https://www.encyclopedia.com/h....istory/energy-govern
https://www.blackpast.org/glob....al-african-history/t
https://www.africanexponent.co....m/post/4981-civil-wa
https://clubofmozambique.com/n....ews/chronology-main-
https://www.google.com/amp/s/t....heconversation.com/a
https://africasacountry.com/20....18/05/the-untimely-d
https://issafrica.org/iss-toda....y/could-afonso-dhlak
https://web.archive.org/web/20....131230235024/http://
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Chapters:
00:00 - 01:26 - Introduction
01:27 - 05:18 - Renamo's Origins
05:18 - 06:08 - Afonso Dhlakama Becomes Leader of Renamo
06:09 - 09:44 - Civil War Erupts
09:45 - 12:08 - Attempts at Peace
12:09 - 14:56 - War Comes to an End
14:57 - 18:00 - Dhlakama Causes Headaches
18:03 - 19:17 - Death and Legacy
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Music:
Heartbreaking Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Desert City by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/r....oyalty-free/index.ht
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
John Stockton Slow Drag by Chris Zabriskie is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Source: http://chriszabriskie.com/uvp/
Artist: http://chriszabriskie.com/
Interloper Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Mercy by Kai Engel is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence.
Feel free to reach out to us at africanbiographics@gmail.com
#Renamo #AfonsoDhlakama #Mozambique
Mozambique, Scene of a Crime - documentary made by RTE Ireland in 1987 about the destabilisation taking place in Mozambique at the time as the South African Apartheid Government supported the terror-based tactics of the MNR.
51.22 description of attacks on IAC (Instituto Agrário de Chimoio) where I was working.
54.00 Mozambican journalist Carlos Cardoso gives his analysis and vision for the future.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Carlos_Cardoso_(jour
